Planning priority conservation areas for biodiversity under climate change in topographically complex areas: A case study in Sichuan province, China

reserves could not meet the needs of species protection under climate change, thus offering opportunities to test our methods. 2.2. Planning framework The conservation planning tools referred to previous studies [23–25]. Spatial distributions of biodiversity were predicted by the Maxent model, as well as we developed an approach to mea- sure the effect of topography on species for adaptation to climate change. Meanwhile, the Marxan model was used to identify priority conservation areas by incorporating species infor- mation, topography information, nature reserves, and land use (Fig 2). 2.3. Data 2.3.1. Species data. One of the aims was to include as many species as possible to reduce the uncertainties in the conservation planning framework as a whole. Based on a large number Fig 1. Location of the study area. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243425.g001 PLOS ONE Planning priority conservation areas for biodiversity under climate change in topographically complex areas PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243425 December 23, 2020 3 / 15