Green returns to education: Does education affect pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors in China?

25. Mannberg A, Jansson J, Pettersson T, Bra¨ nnlund R, Lindgren U. Do tax incentives affect households׳ adoption of ‘green’cars? A panel study of the Stockholm congestion tax. Energy Policy. 2014; 74:286– 99. 26. Meyer A. Does education increase pro-environmental behavior? Evidence from Europe. Ecological eco- nomics. 2015; 116:108–21. 27. Zheng S, Kahn ME. Understanding China’s urban pollution dynamics. Journal of Economic Literature. 2013; 51(3):731–72. 28. Lutz W, Muttarak R, Striessnig E. Universal education is key to enhanced climate adaptation. Science. 2014; 346(6213):1061–2. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1257975 PMID: 25430758 29. Card D. Estimating the return to schooling: Progress on some persistent econometric problems. Econo- metrica. 2001; 69(5):1127–60. 30. Ma G, Andrews-Speed P, Zhang J. Chinese consumer attitudes towards energy saving: The case of household electrical appliances in Chongqing. Energy Policy. 2013; 56:591–602. 31. Oreopoulos P, Salvanes KG. Priceless: The nonpecuniary benefits of schooling. Journal of Economic perspectives. 2011; 25(1):159–84. 32. Moretti E. Human capital externalities in cities. Handbook of regional and urban economics. 4: Elsevier; 2004. p. 2243–91. 33. McMahon WW. The social and external benefits of education. International handbook on the economics of education. 2004; 211:259. 34. Lange F, Topel R. The social value of education and human capital. Handbook of the Economics of Education. 2006; 1:459–509. 35. Maslow AH. New introduction: Religions, values, and peak-experiences. Journal of Transpersonal Psy-

chology. 1970; 2(2):83–90. 36. Inglehart R. Public support for environmental protection: Objective problems and subjective values in 43 societies. PS: Political Science & Politics. 1995; 28(1):57–72. 37. Xu C, Yang J, He L, Wei W, Yang Y, Yin X, et al. Carbon capture and storage as a strategic reserve against China’s CO2 emissions. Environmental Development. 2021; 37:100608. 38. Xie S, Mo T. The impact of education on health in China. China Economic Review. 2014; 29:1–18. 39. Huang W. Understanding the effects of education on health: evidence from China. 2015. 40. Cui Y, Liu H, Zhao L. Mother’s education and child development: Evidence from the compulsory school reform in China. Journal of Comparative Economics. 2019; 47(3):669–92. 41. Fang H, Eggleston KN, Rizzo JA, Rozelle S, Zeckhauser RJ. The returns to education in China: Evi- dence from the 1986 compulsory education law. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2012. 42. Liang Y, Dong Z. Has education led to secularization? Based on the study of compulsory education law in China. China Economic Review. 2019; 54:324–36. 43. Staiger DO, Stock JH. Instrumental variables regression with weak instruments. National Bureau of Economic Research Cambridge, Mass., USA; 1994. 44. Griliches Z. Estimating the returns to schooling: Some econometric problems. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society. 1977:1–22. 45. Kotchen MJ, Boyle KJ, Leiserowitz AA. Willingness-to-pay and policy-instrument choice for climate- change policy in the United States. Energy Policy. 2013; 55:617–25.

46. Rummel RJ. Applied factor analysis: Northwestern University Press; 1988. 47. Angrist JD, Krueger AB. Instrumental variables and the search for identification: From supply and demand to natural experiments. Journal of Economic perspectives. 2001; 15(4):69–85. PLOS ONE Green returns to education PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263383 February 3, 2022 20 / 20