Late paleozoic climate revealed by coral fossil patterns

(2) Measurement error Another factor that affects the precision of the data is not intrinsically related to a faulty record but to our faulty interpretation of ambiguous patterns or to the difficulty of determin- ing where to start and end counting patterns that usually merge into one another. This devia- tion is significantly reduced by 1) the ImagePro Plus (IPP) phase matching technique and modeling of coral patterns, as described in the “S1 File”, and 2) using only consecutive counts (at least three or four annual patterns).In this experiment, the SMZ1500 microscope was used to takehigh-precision pictures of fossil samples. Thepictures were magnified to observe the growth line of the coral fossil samples. A drawing tool and IPP phase matching software were used to determine the growth line width boundary of the sample.The average measurement error of 10 adjacent growth line widths on the sample was randomly calculated, and an esti- mated upper limit error value, which is about 5.5% of the growth line width, was obtained. Discussion A theoretical derivation was conducted to explain the bimodal phenomenon. According to the research of Zhiping Wang and Fengqing Yang [13], Shiqiantan in Xin- jiang Province belongs to the Junggar-Xing’an North temperate zone in the Carboniferous period, as shown in Fig 8. Zhiping Wang and Qinglai Feng [14], based on the discussion of paleontological markers, stratigraphic characteristics, rock, ore markers, and oxygen isotope evidence, considered the position of the Junggar Plate at approximately 40˚N–50˚N. This finding indicates Shiqiantan

Fig 6. Width statistics of growth lines on fossil epitheca DZ-30-16, in sequence. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290127.g006 PLOS ONE Late paleozoic climate revealed PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290127 August 15, 2023 7 / 13