Visual digital intermediaries and global climate communication: Is climate change still a distant problem on YouTube?

PLOS ONE Visual digital intermediaries and global climate communication Writing – original draft: Alexandra Segerberg, Matteo Magnani. Writing – review & editing: Alexandra Segerberg, Matteo Magnani. References 1. Corner A, Webster R, Teriete C. Climate visuals: Seven principles for visual climate change communication; 2015 2. Corner A, Clarke J. Talking climate. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-46744-3 3. León B, Negredo S, Erviti MC. Social engagement with climate change: Principles for effective visual representation on social media. Clim Policy. 2022;22(8):976–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2022.2077292 4. Slocum R. Polar bears and energy-efficient lightbulbs: Strategies to bring climate change home. Environ Plan D. 2004;22(3):413–38. https://doi.org/10.1068/d378 5. Anderson A. Effects of social media use on climate change opinion, knowledge, and behavior. In: Oxford research encyclopedia of climate science. Oxford University Press; 2017. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.001.0001 6. Pearce W, Niederer S, Özkula SM, Sánchez Querubín N. The social media life of climate change: Platforms, publics, and future imaginaries. WIREs Clim Change. 2018;10(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.569 7. Wang S, Corner A, Chapman D, Markowitz E. Public engagement with climate imagery in a changing digital landscape. WIREs Clim Change. 2018;9(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.509 8. Schäfer M. The internet of natural things: Environmental communication online and in social media.

In: The handbook of international trends in environmental communication; 2021. p. 50–69. 9. Jürgens P, Stark B. The power of default on Reddit: A general model to measure the influence of information intermediaries. Policy Internet. 2017;9(4):395–419. https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.166 10. Kleis Nielsen R, Ganter SA. Kleis Nielsen R, Ganter SA. Dealing with digital intermediaries: A case study of the relations between publishers and platforms. New Media Soc. 2017;20(4):1600–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817701318 11. Rieder B, Matamoros-Fernández A, Coromina Ò. From ranking algorithms to ‘ranking cultures’. Convergence: Int J Res New Media Technol. 2018;24(1):50–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856517736982 12. Guenther L, Meyer H, Kleinen-von Königslöw K, Brüggemann M. A distant threat? The framing of climate futures across four countries. Environ Commun. 2023;17(7):775–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2023.2253500 13. Hase V, Mahl D, Schäfer MS, Keller TR. Climate change in news media across the globe: An automated analysis of issue attention and themes in climate change coverage in 10 countries (2006–2018). Global Environ Change. 2021;70:102353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102353 14. Painter J, Schäfer M. Global similarities and persistent differences: A survey of comparative studies on climate change communication. Clim Change Media; 2018. p. 39–58. 15. Wessler H, Wozniak A, Hofer L, Lück J. Global multimodal news frames on climate change. Int J Press/Polit. 2016;21(4):423–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161216661848

16. Pearce W, Özkula SM, Greene AK, Teeling L, Bansard JS, Omena JJ, et al. Visual cross-platform analysis: Digital methods to research social media images. Inform Commun Soc. 2018;23(2):161–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2018.1486871 17. Munger K, Phillips J. Right-wing YouTube: A supply and demand perspective. Int J Press/Polit. 2020;27(1):186–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161220964767 18. Graber DA. Seeing is remembering: How visuals contribute to learning from television news. J Commun. 1990;40(3):134–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1990.tb02275.x 19. Hameleers M, Powell TE, Van Der Meer TGLA, Bos L. A picture paints a thousand lies? The effects and mechanisms of multimodal disinformation and rebuttals disseminated via social media. Polit Commun. 2020;37(2):281–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2019.1674979 20. Powell TE, Boomgaarden HG, De Swert K, de Vreese CH. Framing fast and slow: A dual processing account of multimodal framing effects. Media Psychology. 2018;22(4):572–600. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2018.1476891 21. Joffe H. The power of visual material: Persuasion, emotion and identification. Diogenes (Engl Ed). 2008;55(1):84–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/0392192107087919 PLOS ONE https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318338 April 8, 2025 20/ 23