The Himalayan uplift and evolution of aquatic biodiversity across Asia: Snowtrout (Cyprininae: Schizothorax) as a test case

89. Mussmann SM, Douglas MR, Oakey DD, Douglas ME. Defining relictual biodiversity: Conservation units in Speckled Dace (Cyprinidae: Rhinichthys osculus) of the Greater Death Valley Ecosystem. Ecol Evol. 2020; 10: 10798–10817. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6736 PMID: 33072297 90. Chirouze F, Huyghe P, van der Beek P, Chauvel C, Chakraborty T, Dupont-Nivet G, et al. Detrital ther- mochronology and sediment petrology of the middle Siwaliks along the Muksar Khola section in east- ern Nepal. J Asian Earth Sci. 2013; 44, 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.01.009 91. Clift PD, Blusztajn J. Reorganization of the western Himalaya river system after five million years. Nature. 2013; 438: 1001–1003. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04379 PMID: 16355221 92. Braulik GT, Barnett R, Odon V, Islas-Villanueva V, Hoelzel AR, Graves JA. One species or two? Vicari- ance, lineage divergence and low mtDNA diversity in geographically isolated populations of South Asian River dolphin. J Mamm Evol. 2015; 22: 111–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-014-9265-6 93. Gu H, Wang Y, Wang H, He Y, Deng S, He S, et al. Contrasting ecological niches lead to great postzy- gotic ecological isolation: A case of hybridization between carnivorous and herbivorous cyprinid fishes. Front Zool. 2021; 18: 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-021-00401-4 PMID: 33882942 94. Ma B, Li L, Wang J, Gong J, Zhang C, Ji F, et al. Morphological and COI gene barcode analyses of Schizothorax waltoni, S. o’connori and their natural hybrids in the Yarlung Zangbo River. J Fish Sci

China. 2018; 25: 753–761. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1118.2018.17359 95. Qi D, Chao Y, Guo S, LZhao L, Li T, Wei F, et al. Convergent, parallel, and correlated evolution of tro- phic morphologies in the subfamily Schizothoracinae from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. PLoS ONE. 2012; 7: e34070. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034070 PMID: 22470515 96. Tang Y, Li C, Wang K, Feng C, Tong C, Fei T, et al. Convergent evolution misled taxonomy in Schi- zothoracine fishes (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2019; 134: 323–337. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.01.008 PMID: 30641272 97. Vilgalys R. Taxonomic misidentification in public DNA databases. New Phytol. 2003; 160: 4–5. https:// doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00894.x PMID: 33873532 98. Rasul G. Why Eastern Himalayan countries should cooperate in transboundary water resource man- agement. Water Policy. 2014; 16: 19–38. https://doi.org/10.2166/WP.2013.190 99. Wangmo S, Wangchuck K, Douglas MR, Claussen JE, Philipp DP, Tshering S, et al. Climate change and freshwater fish biodiversity in Bhutan: Standardized monitoring of a flagship species, Golden Mah- seer (Cyprinidae: Tor putitora). Bhutan J Anim Sci. 2022; 6(1): 131–144. https://www.researchgate. net/publication/361468296. 100. Albert, Eleanor. Water clouds on the Tibetan Plateau. In: The New Geopolitics of China, India, and Pakistan. Council on Foreign Relations (09 May 2016). https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/water- clouds-tibetan-plateau. PLOS ONE Himalayan uplift and aquatic evolution

PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289736 October 24, 2023 27 / 27