Mapping the climate and agronomic digital advisory services landscape in West and Central Africa: A step towards making food systems productive and climate resilient

PLOS One | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0338010 December 3, 2025 3 / 20 research aims to identify existing gaps in services farmers, to support research interventions and policy decision, and to study the impact of information services on the farming community and the food security in these countries. 2. Materials and methods: data sources, description, and empirical strategy 2.1. Geographic scope Our work focuses on six countries of West and Central Africa (WCA) during 2021−22: Burundi, Ivory coast (Côte d’Ivoire in French; CI), the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ghana, Nigeria, and Rwanda (Fig 1). 2.2. Socio-economic conditions The countries selected for this study are home to millions of people, with Nigeria being the most populous country [8]. Countries such as Rwanda and Burundi, although they are relatively smaller in area, are inhabited by over twenty-five mil- lion people (Table 1). In terms of income level, the countries were classified as low-income to low-to-middle income coun- tries. The majority of the inhabitants were living in rural areas. More than 80% of the population of Burundi and Rwanda Fig 1. Administrative boundary of six countries selected for mapping under project “Transforming Agrifood Systems in West and Central Africa (TAFS-WCA)”. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0338010.g001