Spatially congruent sites of importance for global shark and ray biodiversity

S3 Fig; S1 Table). Conversely, spatial overlap between total number of species and endemic species of all shark and ray species remained at approximately half (average of ~20%) of the total species and ED species overlap across all definitions and resolutions of hotspot (Fig 2; S3 Fig; S1 Table). ED species and endemic species overlap followed similar low congruency trends (average of ~17%) to that of total species and endemic species (Fig 2; S3 Fig; S1 Table). The threatened species subset had similar results where ED hotspots had the highest percent of overlap with total species richness, averaging ~6% across all definitions of hotspot and levels of spatial resolution (Fig 2; S3 Fig; S1 Table). Correspondingly, spatial overlap of total species and endemic species as well as ED species and endemic species of threatened shark and ray species only, were consistently lower than congruency of total species and ED species, averaging ~4% and ~4.5% across all definitions of hotspot and levels of spatial resolutions (Fig 2; S3 Fig; S1 Table). Similar to the total species results, the highest degree of overlap for the threatened spe- cies richness subset was between total species and ED species (Fig 2; S3 Fig; S1 Table). Our results showed that changing the definition of hotspot resulted in a minor increase in congruency between all three species richness measures, with the extent of spatial overlap still Fig 1. Global biodiversity patterns for three measures of species richness at 1˚ resolution. General richness for (a) total species, (b) evolutionarily distinct (ED)

species, and (c) endemic species. (d-f) Threatened subsets of richness patterns for (d) total species, (e) evolutionarily distinct (ED) species, and (f) endemic species. Geographic coordinate system is in NAD83, projected coordinate system is Lambert equal area. The data used for this figure under CC BY license is granted permission from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), original copyright 2011. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235559.g001 PLOS ONE Spatially congruent sites of importance for global shark and ray biodiversity PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235559 July 6, 2020 5 / 19