Climate gradients, and patterns of biodiversity and biotic homogenization in urban residential yards

Spatial patterns of taxonomic composition Snail composition based on species’ abundance differed among towns (one-way PERMA- NOVA: Pseudo-F11,108 = 5.096; p � 0.001). Most pairwise comparisons of snail species’ abun- dance were significantly different between town pairs, with 49 of 66 comparisons having p � 0.001 and t values ranging between 1.839 and 3.405 (S3 Table and Fig 6). Eight compari- sons had p values of 0.002 to 0.007 (t = 1.592–2.228). The remaining 9 paired comparisons had p values ranging from 0.015 to 0.65. Towns without significantly different assemblages (i.e., p > 0.05) were located in central to southern areas of the study (the six pairwise combinations Fig 3. Native (white) and non-native (green) composition of snail assemblages among towns. Towns are arranged from north to south, starting with the east tier, then the mid- and west tiers. A: Total snail + (shell) abundance. B: Taxonomic richness. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234830.g003 PLOS ONE Diversity patterns of yard-dwelling snails across climate gradients PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234830 August 28, 2020 7 / 18