Drivers of urban biodiversity in Mexico and joint risks from future urban expansion, climate change, and urban heat island effect

Table 2. Parameters from species-area relationship (SAR) model explaining urban species richness for four taxonomic groups across Mexican municipalities (excluding those with less than five species). Group Model Akaike weights AIC R2 Shape Asymptote Amphibians Monod 0.118 -30.821 0.038 convex up True Negative Exponential 0.104 -30.580 0.034 convex up True Logarithmic 0.089 -30.264 0.029 convex up False Koba 0.089 -30.264 0.029 convex up False Power 0.087 -30.206 0.028 convex up False Reptiles Linear 0.158 27.023 0.230 linear False PowerR 0.156 27.051 0.280 convex down False EPM-1 0.153 27.084 0.280 sigmoid False Asymptotic 0.104 27.853 0.265 convex down True Power 0.060 28.949 0.189 convex up False Mammals EPM-1 0.271 37.154 0.137 sigmoid False PowerR 0.242 37.380 0.135 convex down False Persistence Function 2 0.162 38.186 0.127 sigmoid False EPM-2 0.122 38.758 0.121 sigmoid False Linear 0.066 39.990 0.088 linear False Birds Persistence Function 2 0.341 107.003 0.110 sigmoid False EPM-2 0.326 107.093 0.110 sigmoid False Linear 0.077 109.986 0.083 linear False EPM-1 0.057 110.593 0.090 convex down False PowerR 0.046 111.026 0.088 convex down False https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308522.t002 Fig 2. Effect sizes of socioeconomic and environmental variables driving urban species richness across Mexican municipalities (excluding those with less

than five species). Effect sizes were estimated by using Random Forest models with a cross-validation strategy with 100 random partitions. Panel a) includes urban area and Panel b) includes species richness but controlling for urban area effects. See main text and Table 1 for a full description of variables. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308522.g002 PLOS ONE Urban biodiversity and anthropogenic pressures PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308522 October 4, 2024 9 / 19