Drivers of urban biodiversity in Mexico and joint risks from future urban expansion, climate change, and urban heat island effect

primary sector negatively affects urban species richness across municipalities (Fig 2a). After removing urban area effect on urban species richness, we found a significant effect from topo- graphic complexity but not for number of ecoregions nor the percentage of people working in the primary sector (Fig 2b). Fig 1. Species-area relationships (SAR) for terrestrial vertebrates urban/rural assemblages across Mexican municipalities (excluding those with less than five species). Fitted lines correspond to a log-log transformation model (i.e., power model; see Triantis et al. [44]). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308522.g001 PLOS ONE Urban biodiversity and anthropogenic pressures PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308522 October 4, 2024 8 / 19