Effect of climate change on hematotoxicity/hepatoxicity oxidative stress, Oncorhynchus mykiss, under controlled conditions

5. Conclusion The primary abiotic agent influencing fish physiology and growth is temperature. The effect of elevated temperatures on aquatic organisms varies depending on the severity of stress and accompanying conditions. In this study, the effect of temperature extremes on hematology and antioxidant status was discussed. In this study, we tried to present the major effects of cli- mate change scenarios applied under controlled conditions on rainbow trout physiology. The findings have contributed to the data pools that reveal the modeling of the changes caused by each of the different climate change scenarios on parameter-based changes. Our current research findings also confirm that rainbow trout is sensitive to increased water in terms of blood and liver oxidative stress. Therefore, the systematic study of heat stress on the qualities of rainbow trout is practical and vital. High temperature stress, with increased antioxidant enzyme activities, had a corresponding effect on the oxidative state of the fish. In addition, oxidative damage has been observed in the muscles and liver of rainbow trout, accompanied by lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest that the detection of antioxidant levels alone fails to comprehensively assess the oxidative stress state, and for the scientific and rational assessment of the oxidative stress state, it is necessary to detect TAS and TOS in addi- tion to the calculation of OSI. Certain fish-specific factors, along with environmental factors, plays important roles in the

oxidative status of fish. Next researches on oxidative stress in fish should lead to a better under- standing of fish physiology. Further studies are needed to better understand the relationship between oxidative status and environmental stressors in different fish species. Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Assoc. Prof. Ph.D. Anca Şuţan (Department of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science, Physical Education and Informatics National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest Pitești University Center) for English editing. Author Contributions Conceptualization: Gonca Alak. Data curation: Gonca Alak. Formal analysis: Gonca Alak, Fatma Betu¨l O¨ zgeriş, Arzu Uc¸ar, Veysel Parlak, Esat Mahmut Kocaman, Sinan O¨ zcan. Investigation: Gonca Alak. Methodology: Gonca Alak. Resources: Fatma Betu¨l O¨ zgeriş. Supervision: Gonca Alak. Writing – original draft: Gonca Alak. Writing – review & editing: Gonca Alak, Muhammed Atamanalp. References 1. Mbow CC, Rosenzweig LG, Barioni TG, Benton M, Herrero M, Krishnapillai E, et al. Food Security. In: Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. 2019. PLOS ONE Effect of temperature on fish physiology and biochemistry PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294656 November 30, 2023 10 / 13