Climate change and spatio-temporal trend analysis of climate extremes in the homogeneous climatic zones of Pakistan during 1962-2019

Table 3. Man-Kendall test for testing trend in each duration (1962–1990, 1991–2019, Change = difference between 1991–2019 and 1962–1990). Each series has two columns, first is for the esti- mated value of Kendall τ and second is for their corresponding p-value. S. No Zones Precipitation Max. TMP Min. TMP 1962–1990 1991–2019 Changes (1991-2019-1962- 1990) 1962–1990 1991–2019 Changes (1991-2019-1962- 1990) 1962–1990 1991–2019 Changes (1991-2019-1962- 1990) Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value Kendall τ P-Value 1 Z-1 0.0453698 5.476e-11 -4.554031e- 02 3.078e- 11 -6.181994e- 02 2.2e-16 -2.941424e- 03 0.6556 2.879244e- 02 1.266e-05 7.515349e- 02 2.2e-16 -1.370601e- 02 0.03766 1.215344e- 02 0.06534 7.616308e- 02 2.2e-16 2 Z-2 -8.099797e- 03 0.2362 -1.955711e- 02 0.004891 -1.409285e- 02 0.03446 3.382319e- 03 0.608 2.200206e- 02 0.00084 2.933388e- 02 8.644e- 06 -1.510223e- 02 0.02201 2.225517e- 02 0.00074 9.385996e- 02 < 2.2e- 16 3 Z-3 1.265816e- 01 < 2.2e-16 -1.866923e- 02 0.01437 -8.902188e- 02 < 2.2e- 16 -1.167005e- 02 0.07684 2.368513e- 02 0.0003292 6.451906e- 02 < 2.2e- 16 2.921715e- 02 9.437e- 06 1.949849e- 03 0.7675 -6.366869e- 02 < 2.2e- 16 4 Z-4 2.655612e- 02 0.0005049 7.844310e- 03 0.3084 -9.856097e- 03 0.1802 1.122931e- 02 0.08862 1.109748e- 02 0.09244 -2.111771e- 02 0.001362 -4.265234e- 03 0.5178 6.707298e- 02 2.2e-16 1.583697e- 01 < 2.2e- 16 5 Z-5 1.998956e- 02

0.005168 -2.121013e- 02 0.002958 -2.239363e- 02 0.001017 1.140568e- 02 0.08369 9.684728e- 03 0.1419 -1.569585e- 02 0.01729 7.689117e- 03 0.2436 2.872170e- 02 1.328e- 05 5.604884e- 02 < 2.2e- 16 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271626.t003 PLOS ONE Climate change and extremes analysis using observed data (1962-2019) over Pakistan PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271626 July 27, 2022 10 / 27