Predicting coastal erosion susceptibility in Bangladesh under climate scenario via machine learning techniques

PLOS One | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0334347 November 5, 2025 14 / 34 values in the northern and eastern highland regions, whereas lower values are found in the southern and western low- lands, with intermediate values distributed throughout the center sections. DtC(d) has lowered values predominantly in the southern regions, progressively escalating toward the north. TRI(g) exhibits higher levels in the central and northeastern regions, while lower values are observed in the southwestern and western areas. Description of hydrological factors The hydrological parameters depicted in Fig 5 exhibit diverse spatial distributions throughout the region. DtR(a) and VDCN(d) have elevated values in the northern and western upland regions, while demonstrating lower values in the middle and southeastern regions adjacent to rivers. Mean Sea Level (MSL)(b) reflects higher values in the northwestern Fig 5. Hydrological factors (a) DtR, (b) MSL, (c) TWI, (d) VDCN. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0334347.g005