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Legume integration in smallholder farming systems for food security and resilience to climate change

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PLOS One | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327727 August 13, 2025 19 / 20 References 1. Khatun M, Sarkar S, Era FM, Islam AKMM, Anwar MdP, Fahad S, et al. Drought Stress in Grain Legumes: Effects, Tolerance Mechanisms and Management. Agronomy. 2021;11(12):2374. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122374 2. Rawlins J, Monteith S, Kalaba FK, Clements HS. Ecosystem-based adaptation in Africa: integrating mitigation and adaptation. Reg Environ Change. 2023;23(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-023-02035-0 3. Abegunde L, Sibanda M, Obi A. Climate variability and its effects on agricultural production in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2024;157, 987–1002. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-024-05251-8 4. Hamadjoda Lefe YD, Asare-Nuamah P, Njong AM, Kondowe J, Musakaruka RR. Does climate variability matter in achieving food security in Sub-Saharan Africa?. Environmental Challenges. 2024;15:100870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100870 5. Chen M, Atiqul Haq SM, Ahmed KJ, Hussain AHMB, Ahmed MNQ. The link between climate change, food security and fertility: The case of Bangla- desh. PLoS One. 2021;16(10):e0258196. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258196 PMID: 34673797 6. Stellmacher T, Kelboro G. Family Farms, Agricultural Productivity, and the Terrain of Food (In)security in Ethiopia. Sustainability. 2019;11(18):4981. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11184981 7. Zerssa G, Feyssa D, Kim D-G, Eichler-Löbermann B. Challenges of Smallholder Farming in Ethiopia and Opportunities by Adopting Climate-Smart

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