Networks analysis of Brazilian climate data based on the DCCA cross-correlation coefficient

Southeast, and South) and per atmospheric variable. Similar behavior for the ρDCCA were found when considering state capitals near to each other geographically. The network analysis was based on the DCCA cross-correlation coefficient (ρDCCA) between pairs of the Brazilian state capitals for each of the four environmental variables. Short, medium, and long-distance correlations (box values of 13–one day, 1261–97 days, and 3328– 256 days) were considered, and only values of the top 10% DCCA cross-correlation coeffi- cients were depicted in the networks. The edges of the networks for each of the atmospheric variables and each box size are mostly connections between neighboring regions and regions located on the Brazilian coast. The methodology used in this paper represents a step forward in the field of hybrid meth- odologies, combining time series and network analysis that can be applied to other regions, other environmental variables, and also to other fields of research. The results presented are of great importance to better understand the behavior of environmental and atmospheric vari- ables in Brazil, their long-range cross-correlation, and the way they relate to each other, and provide helpful insights into how the climate is changing and renewable energy production. Supporting information S1 File. Supplementary material with map, graphs and tables used in the analysis of cli- mate variables (Temperature, Radiation, Humidity and Wind Speed). (PDF) Author Contributions Conceptualization: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes.

Data curation: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Formal analysis: Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Funding acquisition: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes. Investigation: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes. Methodology: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Project administration: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Resources: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes. Software: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Supervision: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Validation: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Visualization: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Writing – original draft: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. Writing – review & editing: Florêncio Mendes Oliveira Filho, Everaldo Freitas Guedes, Paulo Canas Rodrigues. PLOS ONE Networks analysis of Brazilian climate data based on the DCCA cross-correlation coefficient PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290838 September 15, 2023 16 / 18