Performance evaluation of industry-education integration in higher education from the perspective of coupling coordination-an empirical study based on Chongqing

lacking an effective incentive and restraint mechanism. The form of school-enterprise cooper- ation was loose, and industry enterprises did not participate deeply enough. The overall faculty in applied universities was weak, with insufficient practical teaching capabilities and outdated infrastructure, which still falls short of national standards. These issues hindered the further deepening of industry-education integration. 4. Conclusion and suggestions 4.1 Conclusion Using synergy theory, an industrial-educational composite system and a performance evaluation model for industry-education integration were constructed. Based on the "struc- ture-conduct-performance" analytical paradigm, the indicator system was decomposed. Tak- ing the statistical data of Chongqing from 2000 to 2022 as a sample, the performance of industry-education integration in higher education was evaluated, and its development trend was analyzed. The research results showed that in the long run, the construction effectiveness of the industry-education integration in higher education in Chongqing was obvious, and the collaborative level was constantly rising. The orderliness of the industry subsystem and the education subsystem continued to rise alternately, jointly promoting the continuous increase in the collaborative degree of the industry-education complex system. However, the coupling intensity between industry and education was not high, and the coupling level stagnated, which restricted the further deepening of the industry-education integration. From the per-

spective of collaborative theory, industry-education integration is a systematic project. Therefore, starting from four levels: industry subsystem, education subsystem, industry-educa- tion complex system, and external environment, collaborative efforts were made to promote the continuous improvement of performance in the industry-education integration in higher education in Chongqing, achieving sustainable development of industry-education integration. 4.2 Suggestions (1) At the industrial subsystem level, release the effective demand of industrial develop- ment for higher education, and improve the enthusiasm of industry and enterprises to par- ticipate in the integration of industry and education. First, establish an incentive mechanism for industry and enterprises to participate in the industry-education integration and the cooperation between schools and enterprises, encouraging industry and enterprises to participate in the educational activities of colleges and universities with land, patents, talents, funds, technology and other elements, fulfill their responsibilities according to law and enjoy management and decision-making rights, forming an incentive and restraint mechanism where responsibilities, rights, and interests are equal, so as to improve the enthusiasm of indus- try and enterprises to participate. Second, support enterprises to deeply participate in the edu- cational reform of vocational schools and colleges, encouraging enterprises to participate in various ways in school major planning, talent training scheme formulation, curriculum text-

book development, internship training, teacher training, assessment and evaluation, etc., giv- ing play to the role of enterprise demand in driving talent development. Third, explore a new governance structure for enterprises to participate in the industry-education integration, allowing qualified districts and counties and industry departments in Chongqing to promote the joint-stock reform and mixed ownership reform of applied colleges and vocational schools, establishing an organizational model with clear property rights and clear responsibilities. Attract local well-known enterprises and international and domestic famous enterprise groups to participate in school-enterprise cooperation, jointly establishing secondary industry colleges PLOS ONE Performance evaluation of industry-education integration in higher education based on coupling coordination PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308572 September 18, 2024 17 / 22