Safety climate in the Ghanaian printing industry

Table 4. The general safety climate of the Ghanaian printing industry. Safety commitment & communication SD D N A SA �x SD Sufficient feedback for proposals 19 64 29 34 24 2.88 1.26 Management’s interest in safety issues 22 97 15 22 16 2.49 1.15 Workers can openly discuss safety issues with the supervisor 29 97 13 26 7 2.33 1.05 Sufficient resource allocation 21 69 32 30 19 2.75 1.21 Respect for safe workers 19 97 18 19 13 2.46 1.09 Seeking for underlying factor to incidents rather than blaming people 8 87 43 25 6 2.61 0.92 Quick decision making when safety concern is raised 19 75 41 22 14 2.63 1.10 The company shows interest in my views on health and safety 16 85 29 25 16 2.65 1.13 Company’s interest in health and safety issues 25 84 29 17 16 2.50 1.15 Always provided with working equipment 17 75 40 28 9 2.63 1.05 Changes in procedures & environment are communicated effectively 18 100 15 23 16 2.53 1.14 Appropriate dissemination of safety and health information 20 58 39 37 12 2.78 1.14 Workers’ consultation on health and safety issues 11 64 35 50 11 2.92 1.09 Senior Level Management are involved with safety activities 14 73 40 30 13 2.74 1.09 Workers’ ability to influence safety performance at work 19 75 30 35 10 2.66 1.11 Manager’s understanding of operational issues that impact work safety 23 103 12 21 11 2.38 1.07 Safety involvement & training SD D N A SA �x SD

Employees’ involvement in safety rules development/review 15 57 28 54 18 3.02 1.19 Related training during new procedure/equipment introduction 17 73 17 50 15 2.84 1.20 Strong encouragement to report unsafe condition 33 78 25 24 12 2.44 1.16 Workers’ consultation on training needs 16 44 33 58 17 3.10 1.18 Intervals for training to update knowledge 15 45 29 51 31 3.22 1.26 Company encourages suggestion on improving health & safety 15 88 24 30 12 2.62 1.10 Company training provides adequate skills & experience in operations 18 59 30 43 18 2.90 1.21 Accident investigation aims at finding cause not blaming individuals 23 58 43 26 17 2.74 1.18 Positive safety practices SD D N A SA �x SD Availability of enough people to always get the job done safely 27 90 18 32 5 2.41 1.05 General motivation by work task 29 97 22 18 5 2.26 0.96 Work site often being safe 31 83 20 21 16 2.46 1.19 Work load often being reasonably balanced 22 87 19 29 15 2.58 1.17 Company stop working to address safety concerns 30 44 27 48 23 2.94 1.33 Receiving of appropriate feedback for performance 20 81 28 32 10 2.60 1.10 Regulatory requirement performance at work place 14 51 41 46 19 3.03 1.16 Supervisor’s control over safety rule violation 18 63 36 38 15 2.82 1.16 Safety competency SD D N A SA �x SD Clarity on one’s responsibility for health and safety 23 109 9 19 11 2.33 1.05 Understanding of safety risks associated with one’s work 23 107 15 16 10 2.32 1.01

Understanding safety procedures associated with one’s work 23 107 19 12 8 2.26 0.95 Safety procedure SD D N A SA �x SD Following procedures to ensure work done safety 31 94 22 19 4 2.24 0.96 Safety is the number one priority in mind when working 42 83 18 22 6 2.22 1.07 Safety results reflect on how the job is now done 22 85 35 22 5 2.43 0.97 Safety procedures are written in unambiguous language for users 20 44 39 46 15 2.95 1.19 (Continued) PLOS ONE Safety climate in the printing industry PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278100 November 28, 2022 8 / 15